What are considered "innate abilities" in language learning?

Innate abilities in language learning refer to the natural capacities that humans are born with that facilitate the acquisition of language. This concept is rooted in theories by linguists like Noam Chomsky, who proposed that humans possess an inherent capability for language development, often referred to as a "universal grammar." This innate ability allows children to understand and produce language without formal instruction, highlighting a biological aspect of language acquisition that is present from a very young age.

The other choices represent learned behaviors or skills that are not innate. For instance, learned behaviors from teachers emphasize external instruction rather than an internal capacity. Similarly, skills developed from mass media exposure focus on the influence of environment and media on language use, which does not account for the intrinsic abilities. Lastly, memorization techniques taught in school relate to academic strategies rather than the natural, instinctual process of language acquisition. Thus, the correct answer underscores the idea that the ability to learn language is fundamentally linked to our biological and cognitive makeup.